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电磁屏蔽与屏蔽体的接地

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发表于 2008-9-9 09:51:34 | 显示全部楼层
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">当屏蔽体存在缝隙时,对反射和衰减的影响较大。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">衰减:当缝隙长度为波长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">截止频率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的一半时</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,RF</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">波开始以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">20dB/10</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">倍频</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">(1/10</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">截止频率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">6dB/8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">倍频</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">(1/2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">截止频率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的速率衰减。一旦知道了屏蔽罩内</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">RF</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">辐射的频率及强度,就可计算出屏蔽罩的最大允许缝隙和沟槽。例如如果需要对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1GHz(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">波长为</span><font face="Times New Roman"><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="300" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">300mm</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">)</span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的辐射衰减</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">26dB,</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">则</span><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="150" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">150mm</font></span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的缝隙将会开始产生衰减,因此当存在小于</span><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="150" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">150mm</font></span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的缝隙时,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1GHz</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">辐射就会被衰减。所以对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1GHz</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">频率来讲,若需要衰减</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">20dB</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,则缝隙应小于</span><font face="Times New Roman"><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="15" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">15 mm</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">(<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="150" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">150mm</chmetcnv></span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1/10)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,需要衰减</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">26dB</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">时,缝隙应小于</span><font face="Times New Roman"><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="7&#46;5" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">7&#46;5 mm</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">(<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="15" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">15mm</chmetcnv></span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1/2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,需要衰减</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">32dB</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">时,缝隙应小于</span><font face="Times New Roman"><chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="3&#46;75" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">3&#46;75 mm</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">(<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue="7&#46;5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">7&#46;5mm</chmetcnv></span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1/2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt"><p /></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="left"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">反射:当缝隙最大尺寸大于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> λ/4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">时,几乎没有屏蔽效果;小于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">λ/20</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">时有基本的屏蔽效果,小于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">λ/100</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"">时有理想的屏蔽效果。当缝隙的深度较大时,由于多次反射的累计效果,可以大大提高缝隙的屏蔽效果,这就是波导通风板的原理。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="宋体" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="style32" style="MARGIN: auto 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="宋体">单个缝隙的屏效近似计算(平面波)<span lang="EN-US"><p /></span></font></span></p><p class="style32" style="MARGIN: auto 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="宋体">SE = 20 lg (1+N)2/4N + 27&#46;3t/g<p /></font></span></p><p class="style32" style="MARGIN: auto 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt"><font face="宋体">式中:<span lang="EN-US"> N = j <chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="F" sourcevalue="6&#46;69" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">6&#46;69 f</chmetcnv> g X 10<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="F" sourcevalue="5" hasspace="True" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-5 f</chmetcnv> : </span>频率<span lang="EN-US">(MHz)<p /></span></font></span></p><p class="style32" style="MARGIN: auto 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt"><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt">g</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">: </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10&#46;5pt; mso-font-kerning: 1&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">缝隙的长度<span lang="EN-US">(cm) t : </span>缝隙深度<span lang="EN-US">(cm)<p /></span></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="宋体" size="3">实际应用中困难在于缝隙的长度<span lang="EN-US"> g</span>如何取值,应该根据紧固点的距离、零件的刚性以及结合面的表面特性决定最终取值。</font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="宋体" size="3"></font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="宋体" size="3"></font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="宋体" size="3">-----------------</font></p><p class="MsoNormalIndent" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="宋体" size="3">以上摘抄于内部设计文档,供参考</font></p>
发表于 2008-9-9 10:23:30 | 显示全部楼层
<p><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="2">Amo兄,上面一段文字是在描述屏蔽体存在缝隙时,对反射和衰减的影响性啊,但并不能判断当电磁波的波长和开孔孔径的大小比例为多少波长时,电磁波通过孔径泄露的最小啊</font></p><p><font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font size="2">对于<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: ">衰减和反射中所描述的文字,似乎有点矛盾,不知你是否看到没:在衰减一段中提到<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">1GHz(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: ">波长为</span><chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="300" unitname="mm" w:st="on" /><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">300mm</span></chmetcnv /><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">),当存在小于<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="150" unitname="mm" w:st="on" /><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">150mm</span></chmetcnv /><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: ">的缝隙时,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">1GHz</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: ">辐射就会被衰减,<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">150mm即是λ/2 ,也就是说当存在<font color="#ff0000">小于<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="150" unitname="mm" w:st="on" /><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">λ/2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: ">的缝隙时,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt">1GHz</span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "><font color="#ff0000">辐射就会被衰减</font>;这个与下文讲到的当缝隙最大尺寸<font color="#ff0000">大于<span lang="EN-US"> λ/4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ">时,几乎没有屏蔽效果,被衰减的量值在从某种程度上来讲就是一定的屏蔽效能啊<font color="#000000">,如果辐射不衰减的话,又谈何屏蔽效果而言,你说呢,老兄,是不是我理解有误,请帮忙纠正纠正,谢谢了</font></span></font></span></span></span></span></span></font></font></p>
发表于 2008-9-9 11:04:11 | 显示全部楼层
你多理解一下吧。

缝隙==?==开孔==

再联系想一下,波导管的原理。

我只是想告诉你,我们是以1/20波长来判定的。

当孔缝 最大长度尺寸小于1/20波长时,我们认为,屏蔽体屏蔽依然良好。
发表于 2008-12-20 16:13:22 | 显示全部楼层
1.电磁屏蔽与屏蔽体接地有关吗?与静电屏蔽有什么区别?请大家讨论一下!

这个一楼说了——在静电中,只要将屏蔽体接地,就能够有效地屏蔽静电场。而电磁屏蔽却与屏蔽体接地与否无关,这是必须明确的。 电磁屏蔽的关键点有两个,一个是保证屏蔽体的导电连续性,即整个屏蔽体必须是一个完整的、连续的导电体。另一点是不能有穿过机箱的导体。对于一个实际的机箱,这两点实现起来都非常困难。

  补充一句,静电屏蔽和电磁屏蔽有完整屏蔽体和接地更好,上面的主要是考虑的主要因素。

2. 网上说什么的都有,有1/2波长的,还有1/8波长的,还有1/20波长的,还有1/30波长的。。。。。。。。
至于产生天线效应的trance的长度应该是的奇数倍吧,偶也是翻书看到的,应该正确。

&nbsp; 你说的没错,半波(1/2波长)振子(双极子天线)辐射最强,其单臂也就是单极子天线(1/4波长及其奇数倍),由于此时为串联谐振,电流最大,当然辐射最强,如果单臂为1/2波长(1/4波长及其偶数倍),此时为并联谐振,电流最小,辐射最小,但是要注意,总比达不到天线效应时辐射强。
&nbsp; 至于1/8波长(为1/4的一半)等是为了信号完整性电磁兼容性让你布线时比这个小较为安全,事实也是这样的,不管什么线,都是越短越好啊。

  kongjin@qq.com
发表于 2008-12-31 10:00:31 | 显示全部楼层
认同AMO的说法!1/20只是说我们在设计的时候一个参考值,可以满足一般的设计要求,而不是最小值.就象3W,20H原则.

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