FCC认证

nicholas_t

  也许你对FCC认证认识得已很透彻,也许你对此也还是一知半解…或你现在所持有的FCC证书是否符合FCC相关法规的要求…等等这些问题,相信你在看了以下相关说明后会对FCC认证将有更近一步的了解.

以下英文均载自FCC官方网站:

(1) VERIFICATION (Section 2.902 47 CFR)  


Verification is a procedure where the manufacturer makes measurements or takes the necessary steps to ensure that the equipment complies with the appropriate technical standards. Submittal of a sample unit or representative data to the Commission demonstrating compliance is not required unless specifically requested by the Commission pursuant to Section 2.957.

Examples of devices subject to Verification include, but are not limited to Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) equipment; business Class A computer equipment; TV and FM receivers. Devices subject only to Verification shall be uniquely identified.

To view examples of labels for Verification devices

(2)DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (Section 2.906 47 CFR)  
A Declaration of Conformity is a procedure where the responsible party as defined in Section 2.909, makes measurements or takes other necessary steps to ensure that the equipment complies with the appropriate technical standards. Submittal of a sample unit or representative data to the Commission demonstrating compliance is not required unless specifically requested pursuant to Section 2.1076.

Examples of devices subject to DoC include, but are not limited to Class B personal computers and peripherals; CB receivers; super-regenerative receivers; TV interface devices. Devices subject to DoC shall be uniquely identified.

Devices must be tested by a test laboratory accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP); the American Association of Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA); or an accredited laboratory designated by the Commission under the terms of a negotiated Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA).

To view a listing of accredited laboratories, choose "Accredited" at the Test Firm Type pull-down arrow at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/o ... TestFirmSearch.cfm.

To view examples of labels for DoC devices

(3)CERTIFICATION (Section 2.907 47 CFR)  


Certification is an equipment authorization issued by the Commission or by a designated Telecommunications Certification Body (TCB) based on representations and test data submitted by the applicant.

Examples of devices subject to Certification which must be submitted to the Commission include, but are not limited to Ultra Wideband; Software Defined Radio; new technology.

Examples of devices subject to Certification which must be submitted to a TCB are Computers and Computer Peripherals.

Examples of devices subject to Certification which may be submitted to either the Commission or to a TCB include, but are not limited to cell phones; RF Light; Microwave Oven; RC Transmitters; Family Radio; Telemetry Transmitters; Wireless Phones; Walkie Talkies.

To view a listing of test facilities that perform testing for a fee, click Test Firms under Reports at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm .

To view a listing of TCBs, click TCB Search under Reports at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/oetwl/index.html .

To view examples of labels for Certification devices

(4)TELECOMMUNICATIONS CERTIFICATION BODY- (Section 2.960 47 CFR)  


The Commission may designate a Telecommunications Certification Body (TCB) to approve equipment under the Certification procedure based on an application with all the specified information. The TCB shall process the application to determine whether the product meets the Commission's requirements and shall issue a written grant of equipment authorization. The grant shall identify the TCB and the source of authority for issuing it.

Contact a TCB to determine whether a specific device may be authorized by them. To view a listing of TCBs, click TCB Search under Reports at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/oetwl/index.html .

Examples of devices subject to Certification which must be submitted to the Commission include, but are not limited to Ultra Wideband; Software Defined Radio; new technology.

Examples of devices subject to Certification which must be submitted to a TCB are Computers and Computer Peripherals.

Examples of devices subject to Certification which may be submitted to either the Commission or to a TCB include, but are not limited to cell phones; RF Light; Microwave Oven; RC Transmitters; Family Radio; Telemetry Transmitters; Wireless Phones; Walkie Talkies.

To view examples of labels for Certification devices
 
以上大致中文意思归纳如下:

FCC(Federal Communications Commission 美国联邦通讯委员会),是美国管理国家无线电资源的官方机构,类似中国的无线电管理委员会,它除了管理国家无线电资源,同时管制进入美国市场销售的电子产品其电磁干扰是否在限制范围内.FCC是美国强制认证.
FCC规定,工作频率在9k赫兹以上的电子电器产品,须做FCC认证.

FCC认证分为三种,Certification,Doc,Verification,可以理解为FCC对于不同产品管制程度有不同:

1、Certification: 具有无线电发射装置的产品,必须做FCC Certifiction(红外线发射装置不在管制范围),其做法是FCC认可的实验室将检测报告递交FCC或TCB(Telecommunications Certification Body),由FCC或TCB审核通过后核发ID号码.

2、DoC: 常见的产品包括IT产品、微波炉、节能灯、镇流器等.

DOC是符合性宣告的缩写(Declaration of Conformity),但是与CE对于出具符合性报告的实验室没有资质要求所不同的是,FCC的DOC报告需由获得了NVLAP CODE(美国国家实验室认证系统)或A2LA(美国实验室认可协会)核可的实验室才可出具,NVLAP CODE或A2LA必须在DOC报告上注明,否则报告视为无效.

请注意:做DOC的产品也可以申请ID,即也可以做Certification.

3、Verification:常见的产品包括音视频产品.由FCC一般认可的实验室出具检测报告即可,需要说明的是,做Verification的产品不能申请ID,就是送FCC或TCB也不会被受理.

另外,FCC认证对于产品的划分,是根据其功能决定的,

注:"FCC的DOC报告需由获得了NVLAP CODE或A2LA的实验室才可出具,NALAP CODE必须在DOC报告上注明,否则报告视为无效".应该是: FCC的DOC报告需由获得了NVLAP CODE或A2LA CODE的实验室才可出具,NVLAP CODE或A2LA CODE必须在DOC报告上注明,否则报告视为无效.

我们提到的NVLAP实验室当然就是指通过NVLAP认可的实验室,NVLAP全称是national voluntary laboratary accreditied program.同理A2LA也是指的经过A2LA认可的实验室.当然不是说NVLAP和A2LA官方,他们只是民间机构.
对于这些经过NVLAP,A2LA认可的实验室,他们并不具备测试DOC的能力,除非他们被FCC官方认可为accreditied实验室.比如中国大陆有8家EMC的NVLAP实验室,你自己去www.fcc.gov/labhelp问FCC官方去问这8家实验室可不可以发DOC?不要去问那8家实验室,他们当然说可以发.
FCC说70%从中国签发的FCC证书都是违规的,只不过FCC没有追究罢了.不过听说以后FCC要加强管理了.
记住,只要中美没有MRA,中国大陆就不可能有能发DOC的实验室,不管他是美国来的实验室还是欧洲来的,除非他拿到国外去测.

darkle

learn a lot, THX

zhouyith2004

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wheeler

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